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THE STATE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2002
Contents
Foreword
Glossary
Explanatory note
PART I
World review
I. CURRENT AGRICULTURAL
SITUATION – FACTS AND FIGURES
1. Trends in undernourishment
2. Crop and livestock production
3. Food shortages and emergencies
4. World cereal supply situation
5. External assistance to agriculture
6. Food aid flows
7. Commodity price trends
8. Fisheries: production, disposition and trade
9. Production and trade of forest products
II. THE GLOBAL ECONOMY AND
AGRICULTURE
World economic environment
World trade and commodity prices
Implications of the Fourth World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference
for agriculture
NOTES
PART II
Regional review
I. AFRICA
Regional overview
General economic performance
Agricultural performance
Women farmers’ productivity in sub-Saharan Africa
Introduction
The role and importance of women farmers
Gender differentials in agricultural productivity and constraints facing
women farmers
Conclusion and policy implications
Tsetse and trypanosomiasis control
Introduction
The direct impact of trypanosomiasis
The indirect impacts of the disease
Cost–benefit ratios for tsetse control
Conclusion
II. ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
Regional overview
General economic performance
Agricultural performance
China’s accession to the World Trade Organization and implications for
Chinese agricultural policies
The changing role of agriculture in the Chinese economy
Agricultural policy in the reform period
China’s WTO accession commitments and provisions related to agriculture
Recent policy shifts and likely changes as a result of accession to the
WTO
Conclusions
III. LATIN AMERICA AND THE
CARIBBEAN
Regional overview
General economic performance
Recent agricultural performance
Changing patterns in agricultural trade
Growing importance of agricultural trade relative to production
Declining role of agriculture in total merchandise trade
Stable regional share in world agricultural trade
Diversified product composition of agricultural trade
Geographic diversification of markets
Agricultural trade balances and their economic significance
The price factor
Conclusions
IV. NEAR EAST AND NORTH
AFRICA
Regional overview
General economic performance
Agricultural performance
Climate variability, aridity and vulnerability to drought
Drought – a structurally recurrent phenomenon in the region
Water and land resource issues
Impact of recent droughts on crop and livestock production
Impact on population livelihood, household income and rural poverty
Impact on the environment
Government measures for drought prevention and relief of affected groups
From reactive crisis management to proactive risk management in
agriculture
V. CENTRAL AND EASTERN
EUROPE AND THE COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES
Regional overview
Macroeconomic trends and agricultural performance
Land and farms in Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS in the period of
central planning
Land and farm reform in Central and Eastern European and CIS countries
The establishment of clear and secure rights of land tenure
The creation of farms with an efficient ownership and management structure
The formation of a class of mid-sized commercial farms
Conclusions
VI. DEVELOPED MARKET
ECONOMIES
Overview
General economic performance
Agricultural performance
Agricultural policy changes
NOTES
PART III
Agriculture and global public goods ten years after the Earth Summit
I. THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE
AND LAND IN THE PROVISION OF GLOBAL PUBLIC GOODS
Introduction
Economic concept of local and global public goods
Public goods associated with the land-cluster chapters of Agenda 21
Progress in the provision of global public goods since Rio-92
Financing global public goods
The need to increase international financial cooperation for promoting
global public goods
Conclusions
II. HARVESTING CARBON
SEQUESTRATION THROUGH LAND-USE CHANGE: A WAY OUT OF RURAL POVERTY?
Introduction
Climate change and land use: causes and impacts
Background on the issue of climate change
The role of carbon sequestration through land use in mitigating climate
change
The Clean Development Mechanism and the potential for carbon payment
programmes to stimulate land- use change
Poverty and land use
Forestry and types of land use affecting above-ground carbon sinks
Land uses that affect soil-based carbon sinks
Poor land-users as carbon credit suppliers
Under what conditions would the poor be willing participants in carbon
sequestration schemes?
Under what conditions would the poor be competitive carbon sequestration
providers?
Carbon market design, transactions costs and poor land-users
Conclusions
NOTES
Annex table
Countries and territories used for statistical purposes in this
publication
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